"Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) focuses on communication (verbal, nonverbal, and alternative communication, including social and cognitive elements), language (spoken and written), speech (speech sound, speech fluency), voice, resonance, and swallowing disorders, including prevention, screening, functional assessment, and classification (differential diagnosis), as well as SLT diagnosis and intervention/habilitation-rehabilitation. Speech-language pathologists, who are the primary providers of speech-language therapy services, are also independent professionals, and speech-language therapy services cannot be prescribed or supervised by another professional; they work in collaboration with other professions in accordance with ethical principles and refer their patients/clients to other professions when necessary (1-3).
Today, speech-language pathologists provide services in various areas such as screening, assessment, diagnosis, and intervention, as mentioned above. They obtain their qualifications through undergraduate education and continue their professional development through graduate education. Article 9 of the Law No. 6225 dated April 6, 2011, amending certain laws and decrees, and the Additional Article 13 added to the Law No. 1219 dated April 11, 1928, regarding the practice of medicine and related professions, and are legally defined as healthcare professionals (3).
Speech-language pathologists, in their field:
Participate in preventive programs in the areas of communication, language, speech, voice, and swallowing health
Conducting studies to raise awareness of risk factors that may cause voice, speech, and language disorders in the community and individuals
That may be seen in individuals of all ages;
Fluency Disorders (Stuttering, Rapid Disordered Speech),
Swallowing Disorders,
Voice Disorders,
Dyslexia-Dysgraphia and Other Symbolic Dysfunctions,
Language Disorders (Developmental Language Disorders, Acquired Language Disorders, Secondary Language Disorders),
Autism Spectrum Disorder,
Alternative and Augmentative Communication,
Motor Speech Disorders (Speech Apraxia, Dysarthria),
Speech Sound Disorders (Articulation Disorder, Phonological Disorder, Childhood Speech Apraxia),
Resonance Disorders (Cleft Lip and Palate, etc.)
Conducting assessments, therapy, and rehabilitation for patients referred by a specialist physician who have language, speech, voice, and swallowing disorders, within their area of expertise
Providing training to patients on alternative and communication-supportive assistive devices/equipment such as computer-assisted speech devices, tracheoesophageal prostheses and similar speech appliances, electrolarynxes, communication boards, and unassisted systems such as gestures and sign language
Participating in individualized education programs for individuals with special needs
Continuing these activities in accordance with Article 40 of the Decree Law No. 663 dated October 11, 2011 in accordance with the ?Regulation on the Job and Duty Descriptions of Health Professionals and Other Professionals Working in Health Services? (Official Gazette, May 22, 2014, No. 29007).
The following are examples of employment areas for Speech-Language Pathologists (3):
Speech-Language Therapy Centers
Hospitals (public, private, university hospitals, outpatient clinics, emergency clinics, inpatient services, health center units, health centers, private medical centers, etc.)
Independent speech and language therapy clinics/outpatient clinics/units in hospital settings where a speech and language therapist is responsible
Clinics in hospital settings such as ENT, neurology, pediatrics, plastic surgery, physical therapy, intensive care, radiology, infection, neonatal, and adult intensive care units
ASHS Child Services Institutions
Family Health Centers / Mother and Child Health Centers
Private Clinics / Centers
Schools
Nursing Homes / Elderly Care and Rehabilitation Centers
Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers (Guidance and Research Center, School, Workplace, Special Education and Rehabilitation Centers)
Healthy Life/Living Centers
Community Mental Health Centers
Workplaces and Industrial Areas
Other Rehabilitation Environments (e.g., natural home environment)
Other Community Living Areas (Love Homes, Shelters, Addiction Treatment Centers, Prisons and Reformatories, etc.)
Performance limitations that may be encountered during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, infancy, childhood, adolescence, old age, and terminal stages
Caregiver health
Worker health
Mental health
Reproductive health and healthy sexual life
Health tourism
Individuals with special needs
Vulnerable groups (women who have experienced violence, the elderly, refugees, etc.)
At-risk groups
Chronic diseases
REFERENCES
1) American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2016). Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology [Scope of Practice].
2) ESLA/CPLOL (European Association of Speech and Language Therapists) (2019) Professional Profile. Revised by WG Professional Profile
3) National Core Education Program for the Field of Speech and Language Therapy, (DKT_UÇEP-2025).